Thursday, December 21, 2017
Ranakpur Temple - Udaipur
रणकपुर मंदिर
उदयपुर और जोधपुर के बीच पाली डिस्ट्रिक्ट में गांव रणकपुर में यह मंदिर स्थित है जिसे जैन धर्म के 5 पवित्र स्थलों में शुमार किया जाता है.
यह पूरा मंदिर हल्के सफ़ेद रंग के मार्बल से बना हुआ है. जिसमें 1400 नक्काशी किये हुए पिलर लगे हुए हैं. यह मंदिर केवल प्राक्रतिक रौशनी का ही इस्तेमाल करता है, जिससे आध्यात्म में मदद मिलती है.
Ranakpur Temples are acclaimed world-wide for their intricate and superb architectural style. These temples form one of the five major pilgrimages of the Jains. Located in village of Ranakpur near Sadri town in the Pali district of Rajasthan, Ranakpur temple lies at a distance of 95 kms in the north of Udaipur city. The temple is easily accessible from the city of Udaipur as regular buses are easily available. Built in the 15th century, Ranakpur temples are known for being the largest and most important temples of the Jain cult.
The temple is said to have been built by Seth Dharna Sah (a Jain businessman) with the aid of Rana Kumbha, who ruled Mewar in the 15th century. Ranakpur got its name after the name of the Rajput Monarch and likewise the temples. The temple complex is positioned in an isolated valley on the western side of the Aravalli Range. The Jain Temples of Ranakpur are certainly creditable for their splendid architecture. This temple is wholly constructed in light colored marble and comprises a basement covering an area of 48000 sq feet. There are more than 1400 exquisitely carved pillars that support the temple.
In the complex, there are several temples including Chaumukha temple, Parsavanath temple, Amba Mata Temple and Surya Temple. Amongst all of them, Chaumukha Temple is the most important and as the term Chaumukha suggests, this temple is four-faced. Chaumukha temple is dedicated to Lord Adinath, who is the first 'Tirthankara' of the Jains. The Temple structure is highly compound having four different doorways to get into the chambers. These chambers ultimately take you to the main hall where the image of Adinath is positioned.
The four faced image also symbolizes the Tirthankara's quest for the four directions and ultimately the cosmos. The image is surrounded by many small shrines and domes. One more range of cells with separate roofs encircles these shrines and domes all over again. The five spires elevate above the walls and around 20 cupolas rise from roof of the pillared hall. Each spire houses a shrine and the largest shrine is the important one that addresses the central altar. The temple ceilings are festooned with foliate scrollwork and geometric patterns.
The temple is a masterpiece of architecture and boasts of not less than four additional shrines. It has 24 pillared halls with 80 domes that are supported by 400 columns. The upper and lower parts of the domes are linked by brackets that have deities' sculptures. Above all, you would be amazed to see at a height of 45 feet engraved nymphs playing the flute in various dance postures. Each column is intricately carved and it is surprising to know that no two columns have the similar design.
Apart from this, another stunning act about these columns is that they change their color from golden to pale blue after every hour during the day. In the mandap (prayer hall), the two big bells of 108 kg each produce a harmonious sound on the movement. Chaumukha temple is formed like a Nalinigulm Vimana (heavenly aircraft) and provides this whole structure a celestial appearance. Conceivably, it is due to the intricacy of the structure that the temple took approximately 65 years to complete.
The Temple of Parsavanath is another attraction that is worth visiting. Built in the mid 15th century, the temple is renowned for its engraved windows embellished with Jain figures. Parsavanath Temple is also known as Patriyon Ka Mandir. In close proximity to this temple, you can trace two other temples dedicated to Neminath (22nd saint) and Surya Narayan (Sun God) respectively. Here, Surya Narayan Temple has innumerable wall projections with circular structure. The sight of Lord Surya driven in his chariot of seven horses is truly pleasing.
Ranakpur Temple was also nominated amongst the top 77 wonders, while deciding for new Seven Wonders of the World. However, number of wonders cannot be increased and some or the other would come amongst the top seven, still Ranakpur Temple is undoubtedly a wonder. If you are on a trip to Udaipur, don't miss this artistic temple that would become an unforgettable part of your beautiful memories.
The temple is said to have been built by Seth Dharna Sah (a Jain businessman) with the aid of Rana Kumbha, who ruled Mewar in the 15th century. Ranakpur got its name after the name of the Rajput Monarch and likewise the temples. The temple complex is positioned in an isolated valley on the western side of the Aravalli Range. The Jain Temples of Ranakpur are certainly creditable for their splendid architecture. This temple is wholly constructed in light colored marble and comprises a basement covering an area of 48000 sq feet. There are more than 1400 exquisitely carved pillars that support the temple.
In the complex, there are several temples including Chaumukha temple, Parsavanath temple, Amba Mata Temple and Surya Temple. Amongst all of them, Chaumukha Temple is the most important and as the term Chaumukha suggests, this temple is four-faced. Chaumukha temple is dedicated to Lord Adinath, who is the first 'Tirthankara' of the Jains. The Temple structure is highly compound having four different doorways to get into the chambers. These chambers ultimately take you to the main hall where the image of Adinath is positioned.
The four faced image also symbolizes the Tirthankara's quest for the four directions and ultimately the cosmos. The image is surrounded by many small shrines and domes. One more range of cells with separate roofs encircles these shrines and domes all over again. The five spires elevate above the walls and around 20 cupolas rise from roof of the pillared hall. Each spire houses a shrine and the largest shrine is the important one that addresses the central altar. The temple ceilings are festooned with foliate scrollwork and geometric patterns.
The temple is a masterpiece of architecture and boasts of not less than four additional shrines. It has 24 pillared halls with 80 domes that are supported by 400 columns. The upper and lower parts of the domes are linked by brackets that have deities' sculptures. Above all, you would be amazed to see at a height of 45 feet engraved nymphs playing the flute in various dance postures. Each column is intricately carved and it is surprising to know that no two columns have the similar design.
Apart from this, another stunning act about these columns is that they change their color from golden to pale blue after every hour during the day. In the mandap (prayer hall), the two big bells of 108 kg each produce a harmonious sound on the movement. Chaumukha temple is formed like a Nalinigulm Vimana (heavenly aircraft) and provides this whole structure a celestial appearance. Conceivably, it is due to the intricacy of the structure that the temple took approximately 65 years to complete.
The Temple of Parsavanath is another attraction that is worth visiting. Built in the mid 15th century, the temple is renowned for its engraved windows embellished with Jain figures. Parsavanath Temple is also known as Patriyon Ka Mandir. In close proximity to this temple, you can trace two other temples dedicated to Neminath (22nd saint) and Surya Narayan (Sun God) respectively. Here, Surya Narayan Temple has innumerable wall projections with circular structure. The sight of Lord Surya driven in his chariot of seven horses is truly pleasing.
Ranakpur Temple was also nominated amongst the top 77 wonders, while deciding for new Seven Wonders of the World. However, number of wonders cannot be increased and some or the other would come amongst the top seven, still Ranakpur Temple is undoubtedly a wonder. If you are on a trip to Udaipur, don't miss this artistic temple that would become an unforgettable part of your beautiful memories.
गोमतेश्वर मंदिर Bahubali Gomateshwara
गोमतेश्वर मंदिर
10 वीं सदी में कर्णाटक के श्रवानाबेलागोला में बना यह मंदिर भगवान बाहुबली को समर्पित है जिन्हें गोमतेश्वर के नाम से भी जाना जाता है. यह मंदिर जैन धर्म के अनुयायियों के लिए काफी महत्व रखता है.
इस मंदिर की सबसे बड़ी खासियत यह है कि हर 12 साल बाद यहां महामस्तक अभिषेक किया जाता है, जो जैनियों के लिए एक महत्वपूर्ण त्यौहार है.
Bahubali was an Arihant and was referred to as Gomateshwara. Out of hundred sons of Rishabha, Podanpur’s king, the first Tirthankara, he was the second one as per Jainism. In the Adipurna, more information about the ten lives of Rishabha, the first Tirthankara and his two sons, Bahubali and Bharata. This Kannada text was written by Adikavi, a Jain poet in the 10th century. It is written in Champu style with an eclectic mix of verse and prose that is spread over sixteen cantos. Attaining liberation in half time cycle, he was the first human as per Digambaras.
In Shravanbelagola, Bahubali’s gigantic monolithic statue has been erected by commander Chamundaraya and the Ganga minister. The statue is perched at a height of 18 m or 60 feet on a hill. Shravanbelagola is located in the Karnataka’s Hassan district. In 10th century, this statue was built. Not only devotees and pilgrims but tourists in large numbers come here from different parts of the world in every 12 years to attend an event called “Mahamastakabhisheka”. Indian voters voted for this statue as one of the Seven Wonders of India on 5th day of August, 2007. In this marvel’s favour, 49% votes were secured.
History
In 998 AD, Chavundaraya installed the image. He was Ganga King Rachamalla Sathyavakya’ minister. There is a story behind the existence of this statue. As per Indian mythology, Bahubali was Adinatha’s son who was the first among 24 Jain teerthankars. Rishaba decided to hand over Ayodhya, his capital city to Bharata, his eldest son when he decided to go on a spiritual journey. Paudanapura, another province went to the younger son, Bahubali. By waging wars and carrying out annexing other provinces, Bharata decided to extend his empire. He became supreme commander in his time. Bahubali was not in favour of this idea as it entailed colossal lives loss and blood shedding. Even kingdom’s other wise men were not in favour of this decision. This led to a combat situation between Bahubali and Bharata. This instance was probably the first one in the history of humankind about avoiding unnecessary bloodshed and voluntary disarmament.
Different fight types- malla yuddha and drishti yuddha took place between Bharata and Bahubali. As a last resort, chakra, a lethal weapon was used. The chakra circled Bahubali and came to settle on his right side and entire assemblage was amazed.
A divine presence was felt by Bahubali and in this particular moment he decided to abandon all worldly possessions as an unsurpassed renunciation moment. For one complete year, Bahubali stood in meditation in a pose of Kayotsarga. He also left water and food. He was highly dedicated to gain complete and perfect knowledge that is the state of Kevali Arihantha. He stood in this pose for so long that anthill came into existence at his feet and his body was swirled around his body. Huge or “Gommata” and Sri Bahubali Swami or Gomateshwara Bhagwan came into existence.
Location
Located about 158 kilometers from Bangalore, Bahubali’s colossal staue came into existence at Shravanbelagola. Bahubali’s statue who was considered a Siddha was carved from a single granite block and today on a hill, this statue stands majestically. It has become a pilgrimage center and pilgrims in large numbers come here to see this gigantic statue. Saint has been shown completely nude as is the rule in the Jain custom. This statue is visible from about 30 km distance.
Structure
The statue of Gommateshwara stands tall at 58 feet height. This statue was carved out of a granite block and depicts Bahubali without clothes. A single rock was used for carving this statue. One has to climb about 614 steps to reach closer to the statue. This Gomateshwara Monolith was built according to Jain architectural style and it reflects Indian artisan’s excellent craftsmanship.
Since it is situated on a hill, one has to climb around 614 steps to reach the statue. The Monolith of Gomateshwara has been built as per the typical Jain architecture and beautifully represents the exquisite craftsmanship of the Indian artisans. Perfectly proportioned saint’s body has been sculpted with great care and a subtle calmness reflects on his face.
Festival
Mahamastakabhisheka, an event that is organized every 12 years is celebrated here. Coconut milk, curd, jiggery, bananas, poppy seeds, milk, saffron and sandalwood is used to anoint saint’s body.
विरूपक्षा टेम्पल Virupaksha Temple at Hampi
विरूपक्षा टेम्पल
7 वीं सदी में हम्पी में बना यह मंदिर आज भी अपने पूजा पाठ के लिए जाना जाता है. इसे unesco द्वारा राष्ट्रीय धरोहर घोषित किया जा चुका है.
यह मंदिर धार्मिक दृष्टि के अलावा पर्यटन कि दृष्टि से भी काफी महत्व रखता है.
विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर (अंग्रेज़ी: Virupaksha Temple) हम्पी, कर्नाटक के कई आकर्षणों में से मुख्य है। 15वीं शताब्दी में निर्मित यह मन्दिर बाज़ार क्षेत्र में स्थित है। यह नगर के सबसे प्राचीन स्मारकों में से एक है। 1509 ई. में अपने अभिषेक के समय कृष्णदेव राय ने यहाँ गोपुड़ा का निर्माण करवाया था। भगवान 'शिव' को यह मन्दिर समर्पित है। विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर को 'पंपापटी' नाम से भी जाना जाता है। मन्दिर का संबंध इतिहास प्रसिद्ध विजयनगर साम्राज्य से है।
स्थिति तथा स्थापत्य
15वीं शताब्दी में निर्मित यह मन्दिर हम्पी नगर के बाज़ार क्षेत्र में स्थित है। यह नगर के सबसे प्राचीन स्मारकों में से एक है। मन्दिर का शिखर ज़मीन से 50 मीटर ऊँचा है। मन्दिर का संबंध विजयनगर काल से है। विशाल मन्दिर के अंदर अनेक छोटे-छोटे मन्दिर हैं, जो विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर से भी प्राचीन हैं। मन्दिर के पूर्व में पत्थर का एक विशाल नंदी है, जबकि दक्षिण की ओर गणेश की विशाल प्रतिमा है। यहाँ अर्ध सिंह और अर्ध मनुष्य की देह धारण किए नृसिंह की 6.7 मीटर ऊँची मूर्ति है।[1] विरुपाक्ष मंदिर के प्रवेश द्वार का गोपुरम हेमकुटा पहाड़ियों व आसपास की अन्य पहाड़ियों पर रखी विशाल चट्टानों से घिरा है और चट्टानों का संतुलन हैरान कर देने वाला है।
गोपुड़ा का निर्माण
विश्व विरासत स्थलहम्पी के कई आकर्षणों में से विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर मुख्य है। 1509 में अपने अभिषेक के समय कृष्णदेव राय ने यहँ के गोपुड़ा का निर्माण करवाया था। विरुपाक्ष मंदिर हंपी के उन गिने-चुने मंदिरों में से है, जिनमें आज भी विधिवत पूजा होती है।
विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर का शिखर ज़मीन से 50 मीटर ऊंचा है। इस विशाल मन्दिर के अंदर अनेक छोटे-छोटे मन्दिर हैं, जो विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर से भी प्राचीन हैं। विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर विश्व विरासत स्थल की सूची में सम्मिलित है। मन्दिर को 'पंपापटी मन्दिर' भी कहा जाता है, यह हेमकुटा पहाड़ियों के निचले हिस्से में स्थित है।
किंवदंती
किंवदंती है कि भगवान विष्णु ने इस जगह को अपने रहने के लिए कुछ अधिक ही बड़ा समझा और अपने घर वापस लौट गए। विरुपाक्ष मन्दिर में भूमिगत शिव मन्दिर भी है। मन्दिर का बड़ा हिस्सा पानी के अन्दर समाहित है, इसलिए वहाँ कोई नहीं जा सकता। बाहर के हिस्से के मुक़ाबले मन्दिर के इस हिस्से का तापमान बहुत कम रहता है।
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